Kopi dan Kolesterol

Web ini cukup banyak mengulas efek kopi bagi kesehatan. Namun banyaknya penelitian-penelitian dalam beberapa tahun terakhir mendorong perlunya update pengetahuan atas dampak kopi bagi kesehatan. Serial tulisan ini akan dimulai dengan kolesterol.

Kolesterol tinggi atau hiperkolesterolemia dapat memiliki berbagai akibat negatif pada kesehatan kita. Kolesterol adalah lemak yang penting untuk berbagai fungsi tubuh, tetapi ketika kadar kolesterol dalam darah terlalu tinggi, dapat menyebabkan masalah kesehatan serius, termasuk penyakit jantung, stroke, aterosklerosis (pembentukan plak lemak dalam pembuluh darah), xanthomas (benjolan kuning di bawah kulit), batu empedu, gagal ginjal, kesehatan mata, hingga kesehatan mental (misalnya alzheimer).

Beberapa penelitian beberapa tahun terakhir tentang korelasi konsumsi kopi dan kadar kolesterol dalam tubuh manusia menghasilkan temuan-temuan berikut:

Altmaier dkk: Konsumsi kopi yang tinggi berkaitan dengan peningkatan kadar kolesterol dalam darah secara keseluruhan.

Ranheim dan Halvorsenr: Kopi rebus mengandung senyawa yang dapat meningkatkan kolesterol, dan dapat meningkatkan risiko penyakit kardiovaskular. Namun, kopi yang disaring tidak mengandung senyawa-senyawa ini dan tidak memiliki efek kardiovaskular yang merugikan; dan bahkan mungkin memberikan manfaat perlindungan terhadap diabetes mellitus tipe 2.

Wierzejska: Konsumsi setidaknya 3 cangkir kopi per hari dapat mengurangi risiko berbagai penyakit, termasuk diabetes tipe 2 dan penyakit kardiovaskular. Bagi penderita dislipidemia, disarankan kopi yang disaring karena mengandung lebih sedikit diterpen yang dapat meningkatkan kolesterol.

Halvorsen dkk: Senyawa cafestol yang ditemukan dalam kopi telah terbukti dapat mengurangi penyerapan kolesterol lipoprotein densitas rendah (LDL) dan mengurangi jumlah reseptor LDL dalam fibroblas kulit manusia, menunjukkan dampak negatif potensial pada kadar kolesterol.

Talebi dkk: Konsumsi kopi, dikombinasikan dengan program latihan di rumah, secara signifikan meningkatkan profil lipid darah pada pria paruh baya yang tidak aktif, termasuk penurunan kadar kolesterol LDL, kolesterol total, dan trigliserida, serta peningkatan kolesterol lipoprotein densitas tinggi (HDL).

Kokaze dkk: Penelitian pada polimorfisme genetik tertentu (Mt5178 C/A) menunjukkan bahwa konsumsi kopi secara positif berkaitan dengan kadar kolesterol LDL serum pada pria Jepang yang memiliki polimorfisme ini.

Onuegbu dan Agbedana: Konsumsi kopi dapat menyebabkan peningkatan kadar kolesterol total dan LDL dalam serum, yang dapat mengubah profil lipid serum dan meningkatkan risiko penyakit jantung koroner.

De Lima dkk: Kopi mengandung senyawa seperti cafestol dan kahweol, yang berkaitan dengan dislipidemia. Senyawa-senyawa ini telah diteliti memiliki dampak pada kadar kolesterol.

Rustan dkk: Keberadaan diterpen seperti cafestol dan kahweol dalam kopi rebus telah ditemukan dapat meningkatkan kadar kolesterol serum, khususnya kolesterol LDL.

Kesimpulannya, efek kopi pada kadar kolesterol bergantung pada jenis kopi (dijerang atau disaring), faktor genetik, serta keberadaan senyawa-senyawa tertentu dalam kopi. Meskipun beberapa studi menunjukkan efek merugikan pada kadar kolesterol, yang lain mengindikasikan manfaat kesehatan potensial, terutama dengan kopi yang disaring.

Bandung: IC3INA 2014

IC3INA (International Conference on Computer, Control, Informatics and its Applications) is an annual conference, organised byResearch Center for Informatics, Indonesian Institute of Sciences (LIPI). Since 2013, the IEEE Indonesia Section co-organised this conference as technical sponsor. This year, IC3INA was conducted in Bandung, October 21st-23rd.

I attended this conference as one of Scientific Committee member, and as the chair of the IEEE Indonesia Section. Last year (2013), they made me the moderator of all keynote speech session on opening day. But this year (2014), they only wanted me to present a 5 minutes speech as an IEEE representative.

IC3INA 2014 v01

Here’s what I read:

Assalaamu’alaikum wa Rahmatullahi wa Barakaatuh.

Distinguished Ladies & Gentlemen,

It’s always enchanting to be around the community of scientist, researchers, academicians, and technology professionals. Representing the IEEE, and especially the IEEE Indonesia Section, I would like to express our gratitude to be involved for this distinguished event, the IC3INA 2014 in Bandung, Indonesia, organised by LIPI.

We have known that the IEEE was established more than 125 years ago. This organisation is a home for scientists and engineers from the industrial world and academic domain to synergise their idea, and to collaborate their efforts to understand more about the nature and to engineer it toward a better life. In Indonesia, the Section was established only 26 years ago, and is now actively fostering the academic and professional engineering activities in Indonesia with its 10 chapters representing 15 different fields, and 7 student branches. It is a place for the engineering ecosystem to work in partnership and collaboration to enhance the dynamics and quality of our researches, our academic and professional works, for our mission to advance the technology for humanity.

The second decade of the 21st century has been witnessing new paradigms for the Information Technology. The Internet, which has previously revolutionized the communication and interaction among people, has started its next evolution to be the Internet-of-Things (IOT), with the ability to connect any digital entity or virtually anything to the network of information and knowledge. Information processing does not stop with just doing computation over data input, but would also enrich the information with aggregation of various supporting knowledge, with context-awareness. Big data technology allows the aggregation of large amounts of information from various sources intelligently to obtain results that are sometimes unpredictable.

But the challenge is to develop and to implement those new computing paradigms in real applications to enhance the value of human life. While we carry out researches on Big Data, we keep in mind that this is one of the key technologies to improve the quality of life. We expect better understanding to the universe and human, better education approach, personalised health care, smart city integrated with ubiquitous sensing networks, smart businesses that understand their customers in person, better approach for environment conservation, and others. The interesting thing about Big Data is the necessity on its implementation to maximize the role of the ecosystem, to involve all stakeholders in designing a disruptive lifestyle with this technology.

So let’s have some discussions, and warm networkings. All the best for you; all the best for the profession. Thank you.

Bandung, 21 October 2014

Kuncoro Wastuwibowo
Chair, IEEE Indonesia Section
IC3INA 2014 v02